Aligarh is a notable case of University led urbanization in India centered on the Aligarh Muslim University or AMU, which was set up as the Muhammadan Anglo-Oriental College by Syed Ahmad Khan in 1875 and later became a university in 1920.
Role of AMU in Aligarh’s Urban Development

1. A Spatial anchor
   With the university’s campus, which is one of the largest residential campuses in Asia covering a few hundred acres, the setting up of the university in Aligarh has given rise to a separate urban area inside Aligarh comprising its own network of roads, residential complexes, markets, a hospital (JN Medical College Hospital), schools, and religious institutions.
2. Residential and Rental economy
   With the influx of a large number of students, reaching tens of thousands, many of whom are from outside Uttar Pradesh and even abroad, the demand for private accommodation has surged with the emergence of neighbourhoods such as Shamshad Market, Dodhpur, Sir Syed Nagar, and Zakria Market around the university.
3. Commercial Development
   A large number of businesses such as shops, restaurants, book shops, printing and photocopying shops, and tuition centers emerged to serve the students and faculty creating a classic twon-and-gown relationship between town and university.
4. Migration and Demographic Layering
   As the university attracts students from diverse religions and nationalities, it has made Aligarh more demographic than many other towns in UP leading to the emergence of a migrant population in the city.
5. Institutional Overlaps
   The culture and identity of Aligarh (the home city of AMU) is closely related to the university, which is the major cause of city’s visibility both nationally and internationally.

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