South Pacific Quake in Tonga Causes Tsunami

A powerful undersea earthquake struck off the south Pacific island of Tonga today and generated a tsunami capable of causing severe damage to the area, the U.S. Pacific Tsunami Warning Center reported.There were no reports of damage or of sea levels rising in Fiji or Tonga, and the tsunami warning was later cancelled.

The U.S. Geological Survey said the magnitude 7.9 quake struck 212.4 km southeast of Nuku’alofa, Tonga, at 6:17 a.m. on Friday (1817 GMT on Thursday).”Sea level readings confirm that a tsunami was generated. This tsunami may have been destructive along coastlines of the region near the earthquake epicenter,” the U.S. National Weather Service’s Pacific Tsunami Warning Center said.It later cancelled its warning for Tonga, Niue, Kermadec Island, American Samoa, Samoa, Wallis-Futuna and Fiji, but warned that localised waves could cause damage.”No tsunami threat exists for other coastal areas in the Pacific, although some other areas may experience small sea level changes,” it said in a statement on its Website.The center said the tsunami might be felt as far away as Hawaii but was not expected to cause any damage there. No tsunami warning was issued for Australia’s coastline, and the New Zealand Press Association reported that a tsunami warning for the country had been cancelled.”There has been no damage or seas rising,” said a journalist at Fiji’s radio FM96. .”The undersea quake off Tonga occurred near fault lines in the Pacific “Ring of Fire” where continental plates in the earth’s crust meet and earthquakes and volcanic activity are common.An undersea volcanic eruption off Tonga earlier this week, thought caused by a strong sharp tremor, sent plumes of white and grey smoke towering into the skyDuring the past three weeks sharp tremors have been felt in Nuku’alofa about twice a week. The last of which was the longest, about four seconds, on March 13, said online news site Matangi Tonga (www.matangitonga.to)

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New Tool For Study Of Air Quality Developed

Air quality models have achieved a great degree of sophistication over the last few years thanks mainly to scientific and computational advances. These are tools that simulate the dynamics of the atmosphere and estimate the impact of particular sources of contamination such as industries or traffic on air quality so that plans and decisions can then be made according to the produced results.

The Grupo de Modelos y Software para el medio Ambiente of the Facultad de Informática at the Universidad Politécnica de Madrid has developed a very sophisticated tool (OPANA) that estimates the impact of air quality on the health of citizens using last generation models. This tool is based on very advanced numerical methods that produce extremely precise measurements of the concentration of a certain atmospheric contaminant that a person breathes in a determined time and place, from a particular source . It is possible to determine the consequent impact under almost any circumstances or distance from the source now.  The tool requires detailed information about the topography of the site under study, the different uses of land obtained through remote sensing, meteorological information, relevant information about the surroundings of the area under study, and above all an accurate estimate of the emissions that occur in the area and its surroundings. With these tools, it is possible to evaluate the impact that a new industry would have on the atmospheric contamination of an area and carry out experiments using different scenarios to be compared against the current conditions.

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Posted in Ecosystem, Environment, pollution | 1 Comment

GIS Mapping of Properties Complete in Bangalore,India

The BBMP (Bruhat Bengaluru Mahanagara Palike) has completed GIS mapping of all the properties of Bangarore.They will use it for property tax collection primarily. With over 2 lakh applications submitted, property tax collection in Bangalore has crossed over Rs 100 crore.

Despite staff shortage, BBMP has 200 people in the field survey to confirm details captured through mapping. Currently, second round of survey is on, which will be followed by verification, he said.

Source : http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/

Posted in GIS, India, News | 1 Comment

Diabetes Breakthrough: Liver Cells used to Regulate Blood Sugar

Hundreds of thousands of people suffer from hereditary diabetes, a condition that destroys cells in the pancreas and leaves the body unable to regulate blood sugar levels.

Sufferers are forced to inject themselves with insulin everyday and adopt special diets to cope with the irreversible condition.
But now scientists claim a cure could be developed after cells in the liver were converted to insulin producers in research on mice.

They believe the process, described in the journal Developmental Cell, could one day lead to a permanent one-off cure for the disease.

Dr Lawrence Chan and his team at the the Baylor College of Medicine in Houston, Texas, injected a gene into mice which converted stem cells in the liver to replace those damaged in the pancreas.

They discovered that the blood sugar of the mice returned to normal within a few weeks and remained that way for the rest of the animal’s natural life.

Liver cells have been coverted to insulin producers before but this is the first time scientists have understood the technique and believe eventually could lead to treatment for humans.

One obstacle is that in order for the gene called neurogenin3 to bond with a cell it needs to be transported by a virus which could be deadly to humans.

Dr. Vijay Yechoor, co-author, said: “The mice responded within a week. The levels of sugar in their blood plummeted to normal and stayed that way for the rest of their normal lives.”

LINKS:

Research may lead to vaccine for diabetes.

Diabetes pill hope as bacteria halts disease

Scientists use ‘biological alchemy’ to convert one cell type into another

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