Types of rural settlement: Rural settlements are mainly influenced by three factors: physical factors, socio-cultural factors, and security factors. Physical factors include terrain, altitude, climate, and water availability. Socio-cultural factors involve social structure, caste, and religion. Security factors relate to protection against theft and robbery. Due to these factors, population density in rural areas varies, leading to four main types of rural settlements.

Patterns show how houses are arranged in relation to one another. The land’s shape and features affect the pattern, form, and size of rural communities. The key patterns of rural settlements are based on this arrangement:

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