Counter urbanization is the movement of people out of cities, to the surrounding areas. This process has been occurring in developed countries, since 1950. There are four main Reasons for Counter Urbanization:
(i) The increase in car ownership over the last 40 years means people are more mobile. This has led to an increase in commuting. Also, the growth in information technology (e-mail, faxes, and video conferencing) means more people can work from home.
(ii) Urban areas are becoming increasingly unpleasant places to live as a result of pollution, crime, and traffic congestion.
(iii) More people tend to move to rural areas when they retire to lead a peaceful life.
(iv) New business parks on the edge of the cities (satellite towns) mean people no longer have to travel to the city centre. People now prefer to live on the outskirts of the city to be near where they work.
This trend has given rise to the growth of suburbs.
Source:
Rashid's Blog: Portal for Inquisitive Learners 